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NABH · Est. 1930 · 6 Cities
AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital

"Integrated Ayurvedic Treatment for Psoriatic Arthritis — To Help Clear Skin Flares and Restore Joint Mobility”

Psoriatic arthritis combines inflammatory arthritis with psoriasis, typically causing asymmetric joint swelling, sausage-shaped fingers or toes, pain where tendons attach to bone, and nail pitting. At AVN Arogya joints and skin are treated together through an inpatient programme. Some patients are managed on Ayurvedic treatment alone, others alongside the medication their rheumatologist prescribes; which applies is decided by assessment rather than assumed.

Medically reviewed by Dr. Ramesh R. Varier, BAMS, MD (Ayurveda) · Last reviewed July 2026

Psoriatic Arthritis — Overview & Ayurvedic Understanding

Psoriatic arthritis is an autoimmune condition combining inflammatory arthritis with psoriasis, often involving nails (pitting, onycholysis) and sometimes the spine (sacroiliitis) and joints. Our integrated holistic Ayurveda based protocol addresses skin, joint, and Spine components together.

Symptoms of Psoriatic Arthritis

Joint pain and swelling (asymmetric pattern common)

Dactylitis (sausage-shaped fingers)

Enthesitis (pain at tendon insertions)

Psoriatic skin plaques

Nail pitting, onycholysis

Fatigue and low-grade fever

Causes & Risk Factors for Psoriatic Arthritis

Genetic predisposition (HLA-B27 association)

Autoimmune dysregulation

Infection triggers (strep, HIV)

Obesity and metabolic factors

Psychological stress

Smoking

How We Diagnose Psoriatic Arthritis

Rheumatology Blood teats — RA factor (usually negative), HLA-B27, Anti-CCP, ESR, CRP. Skin examination for psoriatic plaques. X-ray, MRI, or ultrasound for joint and enthesitis evaluation. Holistic Ayurvedic evlauation.

Psoriatic Arthritis — Surgery vs Non-Surgical Ayurvedic Treatment

Why Non-Surgical Ayurvedic Treatment Works for Psoriatic Arthritis

Psoriatic arthritis affects skin and joints together, and our protocols address both at once rather than treating them separately. Some patients are managed on Ayurvedic treatment alone; others alongside methotrexate or biologics where a rheumatologist has prescribed them. Which applies is decided by assessment and response rather than assumed at the start.

When Surgery Is the Right Path

Advanced joint destruction may require joint-replacement surgery. Severe disfiguring psoriasis rarely needs surgical intervention.

We maintain transparent referral relationships with leading orthopaedic and specialist surgeons.

Key Outcomes

Meaningful DAS28 + PASI reduction in 70%+ of patients over 6 months to 1 year.

Reduced flare frequency

Improved quality-of-life scores

Our Treatment Approach for Psoriatic Arthritis

At AVN Arogya, Psoriatic Arthritis is approached as a deep-seated systemic autoimmune imbalance involving Vata-Rakta and skin disorders overlapping within the musculoskeletal framework.

Because treatments that benefit the skin can sometimes flare up joints, and vice versa, there is no standardized or fixed treatment package.

Senior physicians design an individualised program mapped directly to the patient's skin flare status, joint inflammation levels, and underlying constitutional type (Prakriti). Phase 1: Cool down Systemic Inflammation & Blood Purification (Rakta Prasadana & Ama Pachana) Before any high-intensity therapies or heavy oil applications can begin, the active inflammatory cycle in both the skin and the joints must be systematically calmed. • Target: Restoring metabolic efficiency (Agni), eliminating Ama (metabolic toxins), and purifying the circulating blood tissue (Rakta Dhatu). • Therapies: Dry or non-heating therapies like Podikkizhi (medicated herbal powder bolus massage) or cooling, soothing medicated liquid washings (Dhara or Takradhara using specialized herbs are introduced. • Proprietary Oral Support: Deeply cooling and toxin-clearing classical and proprietary formulations are introduced to stop cellular proliferation on the skin and reduce synovial inflammation in the joints simultaneously. Phase 2: Systemic Purification & Immuno-Modulation (Shodhanam) Once the active inflammation stage characterised by acute burning, scaling, and severe morning stiffness settles, specialized cleansing is safely integrated to correct the hyperactive immune response at its root. • Panchakarma: Procedures like Vamana9 Medically induced emesis), Virechana (medicated, controlled purgation) are highly effective in treating both skin lesions and underlying metabolic arthritis by purging deep-seated metabolic impurities. • Modified Vasti: Specially tailored Vasti (medicated enemas) are deployed to restore long-term stability to the bone and joint tissues without disturbing skin health. Phase 3: Tissue Repair, Skin Healing & Long-Term Remission The final phase focuses on healing the damaged skin layers, improving joint flexibility, and extending the period of disease remission. • Rebuilding & Nourishment: Mild, skin-nurturing, and bone-strengthening therapies are used alongside oral supplements to prevent joint deformities and build resilient skin layers. • Maintenance Care: Patients transition to a customized home care program consisting of targeted diet plans, specific stress-management protocols, and immuno-modulatory oral medicines to keep both skin and joints clear over the long term.

Ayurvedic Therapies for Psoriatic Arthritis

These are examples of classical Ayurvedic therapies that may be selected for your programme depending on your condition, stage, and constitutional type. Your treating physician decides which therapies are appropriate — no two programmes are the same.

Expected Results for Psoriatic Arthritis Treatment

PASI reduction of 50-70% over 3-6 months.

DAS28 reduction of 1-2 points.

Better energy and sleep.

Our Specialists for Psoriatic Arthritis

These physicians have specialist expertise in Psoriatic Arthritis and typically lead the clinical decisions for complex cases. Any of them can assess and plan your programme — book with whoever's availability works for you.

Recommended specialist
Dr.Biju Madhavan

Dr.Biju Madhavan (BAMS, MD (Ayurveda))

Chief Consultant Physician

Expertise: Musculoskeletal disorders, Spine & Joint rehabilitation

Primary Clinic: Madurai — AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital - Madurai

Languages: English, Tamil, Hindi, Malayalam

Dr. Sridevi Rajeev Warrier

Dr. Sridevi Rajeev Warrier (BAMS, (Gold Medalist) )

Medical Director & Senior Consultant Physician

Expertise: Panchakarma, Autoimmune conditions, Women's Health

Primary Clinic: Madurai — AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital - Madurai

Languages: English, Tamil, Hindi, Malayalam

Dr. Ramesh R. Varier

Dr. Ramesh R. Varier (BAMS, (Gold Medalist) & Guru under RAV, Clinical Hypnotherapist)

Senior Consultant Physician & Managing Director

Expertise: AVN, MS, Chronic musculoskeletal diseases, Fertility

Primary Clinic: Madurai — AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital - Madurai

Languages: English, Tamil, Malayalam, Hindi

Dr. Sreejith

Dr. Sreejith (BAMS)

Senior Physician

Expertise: General Ayurvedic medicine, Metabolic disorders

Primary Clinic: Madurai — AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital - Madurai

Languages: English, Tamil, Malayalam, Hindi

Physicians Available for Consultation

For first consultations, follow-ups, and routine care, any of these physicians from our broader clinical team is available. Complex cases are always referred to the specialists above.

Dr. Sreeja Biju

Dr. Sreeja Biju (BAMS, )

Senior Physician

Expertise: Panchakarma, Chronic pain management

Primary Clinic: Madurai — AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital - Madurai

Languages: English, Tamil, Malayalam

Dr. Chippi

Dr. Chippi (BAMS.,)

Senior - Physician

Primary Clinic: Madurai — AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital - Madurai

Languages: English, Malayalam, Hindi, Tamil

Dr. Arya

Dr. Arya (BAMS)

Physician

Primary Clinic: Madurai — AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital - Madurai

Languages: English, Tamil, Malayalam

Dr. Unnikrishnan

Dr. Unnikrishnan (BAMS, MD (Ayurveda))

Physician

Primary Clinic: Madurai — AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital - Madurai

Languages: English, Tamil, Malayalam, Hindi, Kannada

Dr. Keerthy S. Namboodiri

Dr. Keerthy S. Namboodiri (BAMS, MD (Ayurveda - Paediatrics))

Senior Physician

Expertise: Musculoskeletal disorders, Paediatric cases

Primary Clinic: Madurai — AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital - Madurai

Languages: English, Tamil, Hindi, Malayalam, Kannada

Dr. Keerthika

Dr. Keerthika (BAMS)

Physician

Primary Clinic: Madurai — AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital - Madurai

Languages: Tamil, Malayalam, English

Dr. Sheha

Dr. Sheha (BAMS)

Physician

Primary Clinic: Madurai — AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital - Madurai

Languages: Tamil, English, Malayalam, Hindi, Kannada

Dr. Abirami

Dr. Abirami (BAMS)

Physician

Primary Clinic: Madurai — AVN Arogya Ayurvedic Hospital - Madurai

Languages: English, Tamil, Malayalam

Not sure which physician to book with? Send us your reports and we'll match you with the best fit.

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Mild and less active rheumatic conditions can often be managed with medicines and periodic review after consultation — sometimes alongside your existing treatment. Many cases, and more active or advanced disease, respond best to visiting therapy or an inpatient programme, as your physician advises.

Treatment Options & Pricing

Your physician recommends the pathway most appropriate for your specific stage and presentation. Below are the pathways typically offered for Psoriatic Arthritis, with transparent pricing per pathway. The final recommendation and cost are confirmed at consultation.

OPD Consultation

Single consultation + personalised home protocol

★ Most recommended

Clinical indication

Initial assessment, follow-ups, uncomplicated cases managed with medicines and home therapies. Consultation fee varies by physician — see doctor profiles.

Consultation fee

₹100 – ₹300 per consultation

Exact fee depends on the physician you select at booking

Medicine package (monthly)

₹2,500 – ₹6,000 per month

Personalised Ayurvedic medicines delivered or dispensed at clinic

Included

  • ✓Physician consultation
  • ✓Personalised home regimen
  • ✓Monthly medicine package (shipped or collected)
  • ✓Lifestyle and dietary guidance

Not included

  • –Imaging (MRI, X-ray, ultrasound)
  • –Lab investigations
  • –In-clinic therapies

OPD Consultation

Single consultation + personalised home protocol

★ Most recommended

Clinical indication

Initial assessment, follow-ups, uncomplicated cases managed with medicines and home therapies. Consultation fee varies by physician — see doctor profiles.

Consultation fee

₹100 – ₹300 per consultation

Exact fee depends on the physician you select at booking

Medicine package (monthly)

₹2,500 – ₹6,000 per month

Personalised Ayurvedic medicines delivered or dispensed at clinic

Included

  • ✓Physician consultation
  • ✓Personalised home regimen
  • ✓Monthly medicine package (shipped or collected)
  • ✓Lifestyle and dietary guidance

Not included

  • –Imaging (MRI, X-ray, ultrasound)
  • –Lab investigations
  • –In-clinic therapies

OPD Consultation

Single consultation + personalised home protocol

★ Most recommended

Clinical indication

Initial assessment, follow-ups, uncomplicated cases managed with medicines and home therapies. Consultation fee varies by physician — see doctor profiles.

Consultation fee

₹100 – ₹300 per consultation

Exact fee depends on the physician you select at booking

Medicine package (monthly)

₹2,500 – ₹6,000 per month

Personalised Ayurvedic medicines delivered or dispensed at clinic

Included

  • ✓Physician consultation
  • ✓Personalised home regimen
  • ✓Monthly medicine package (shipped or collected)
  • ✓Lifestyle and dietary guidance

Not included

  • –Imaging (MRI, X-ray, ultrasound)
  • –Lab investigations
  • –In-clinic therapies

Tele-Consultation

Video consultation + medicine delivery

Clinical indication

Follow-ups, uncomplicated cases, second opinions. Available with both hospital and clinic physicians. Fee varies by physician — see doctor profiles.

Included

  • ✓Video consultation with senior physician
  • ✓Digital prescription
  • ✓Monthly medicine package shipped to your address
  • ✓Follow-up teleconsult where included

Not included

  • –Imaging and lab investigations
  • –Physical examination
  • –In-person therapies

Pricing is indicative based on typical presentations. Complex cases may extend duration or require additional procedures — discussed and agreed at consultation before commencement.

Estimate your cost

Pick a pathway and adjust the variables. Actual cost is confirmed at consultation after the physician's assessment.

Consultation fee
₹300
Registration fee (one-time)
₹50
Medicine package (1 month × avg ₹4,250)
₹4,250
Estimated total
₹4,600

Estimates use midpoints of published ranges. Actual cost confirmed at consultation after physician assessment.

Why Choose AVN Arogya for Psoriatic Arthritis?

Dual-Action Expertise: Managing psoriatic arthritis requires a delicate medical balance.

AVN’s physicians are highly specialized in dual-action protocols that aggressively target joint inflammation and pain without triggering secondary skin flares, a common risk with untargeted treatments.

Integrated Modern Physiotherapy: To prevent progressive joint stiffness and structural deformities without causing trauma to highly sensitive skin, AVN builds targeted physical rehabilitation straight into your daily medical timeline.

Physical therapists design low-impact, specialized exercise regimens to preserve joint mobility, prevent muscle wasting, and restore function.

Therapeutic Yoga & Stress Modulation: Psychological stress is a primary trigger for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis flares.

Under direct clinical supervision, patients are introduced to highly gentle stretches, restorative yoga postures, and Pranayama (breathing exercises).

This structured approach reduces cortisol levels, relaxes deep muscle spasms around the joints, and safely opens up joint spaces. Minimizing Steroid and Biologic Dependency: AVN’s holistic approach aims to achieve long-term, natural disease remission, significantly reducing a patient's lifelong dependency on heavy painkillers, corticosteroids, or costly biologics that often carry severe immunosuppressive side effects.

And why AVN Arogya at all

  1. Trust built on four generations and over 96 years of Ayurveda-based healing, evidenced by the patients we have treated and the testimonials they have given.
  2. Tamil Nadu's first Ayurvedic hospital to be NABH accredited — a testimony to our commitment to the quality of patient care.
  3. Doctors who give you a patient hearing, assess in detail using both modern diagnostics and holistic Ayurvedic methods, and make honest recommendations with options to suit your condition.
  4. Treatment protocols personalised to your situation, including the mode of treatment that fits it — outpatient, day care or inpatient.
  5. A holistic approach spanning diet, lifestyle, psychological support, pure Ayurvedic medicines and external applications, Panchakarma, Upakarma and Kerala speciality therapies, physiotherapy, rehabilitation and yoga where applicable.
  6. Safe and effective Ayurvedic medicines manufactured in-house and tested to international standards for heavy metals.
  7. Cashless inpatient treatment through tie-ups with 35 insurance companies and TPAs.
  8. Interest-free EMI on inpatient treatment, over 3 to 18 months, through our financing partners.
  9. Corporate tie-ups for screening camps, teleconsultations and inpatient treatment funded by corporate health programmes or insurance.

NABH accreditation covers the Vilachery hospital in Madurai. Cashless cover applies to inpatient treatment at the Vilachery hospital.

Psoriatic Arthritis Patient Success Stories

Real patients who recovered from Psoriatic Arthritis at AVN Arogya.

Dileepkumar

Dileepkumarfrom London (NRI)

Mr. Dileepkumar, around 43 and based in London, had psoriasis for about ten years and psoriatic arthritis affecting his legs and knees for the past two. Ointments and medicines from London doctors gave only short-term relief and thinned his skin, and by February he felt hopeless, unable to wear footwear or trousers due to swelling. After a video consultation with Dr. Sridevi (the hospital's founder), he travelled from London and was admitted for 14 days. He reports his skin texture completely changed by the seventh day, plans to continue medicines long-term, and expresses deep gratitude for the care.

Brindha Balachandar

Brindha Balachandarfrom Chennai (currently living in Germany)

Mrs. Brindha Balachandar, 33, was born and raised in Chennai and now lives in Germany with her husband and son. She came to AVN Arogya for back pain associated with sero-negative arthritis, on the strong recommendation of her father, who had been treated there several times for his own back problem. She was treated over a 21-day inpatient stay under Dr. Biju Madhavan, a back specialist. She praised the doctors and staff for attentive, responsive care - visiting daily, gathering feedback after each therapy and adjusting treatment accordingly - and described her overall experience at the Madurai hospital as top-notch.

Sandiya Devi

Sandiya Devifrom Kodaikanal

Ms. Sandiya Devi, from Kodaikanal, had seronegative spondyloarthropathy; her back pain worsened until, for several days, she couldn't get up and walk in the mornings and could only lie down. She found AVN Arogya through good online reviews and came for treatment. She reports that after treatment she can now sit (which she couldn't before), walk a little and stand - a clear step forward. (Tamil testimonial.)

Shanthi

Shanthifrom Madurai

Mrs. Shanthi, from Madurai, battled persistent knee and leg pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis despite earlier treatments. At AVN Arogya she received Ayurvedic care (Panchakarma and herbal medicines). According to the video her pain eased. (Based on the video description.)

Manikandan

Manikandanfrom Hosur

Suffering from rheumatoid arthritis for over 7 years, Mr. Manikandan from Hosur tried many treatments—yet lasting relief remained out of reach. The video reports treatment at AVN Arogya (Madurai) with Ayurvedic care (Panchakarma and herbal medicines) and a positive recovery. (Based on the video description.)

Sunil

Sunilfrom Florida

Mr. Sunil Kumar Raina, from Florida, had been battling Ankylosing Spondylitis, a chronic inflammatory condition causing severe back pain and stiffness. The video reports treatment at AVN Arogya (Madurai) with Ayurvedic care (Panchakarma and herbal medicines) and a positive recovery. (Based on the video description.)

Psoriatic Arthritis — Frequently Asked Questions

Some autoimmune conditions, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and certain forms of vasculitis, can affect multiple organs over time. However, early diagnosis, regular monitoring, and appropriate treatment can significantly reduce the risk of disease progression and new organ involvement. At AVN Arogya, our integrated Ayurvedic treatment is designed to complement your rheumatologist's care by helping manage inflammation, improve overall well-being, and reduce the frequency of flare-ups. We do not replace conventional treatment, and any prescribed immunosuppressants or other medications should be continued as advised by your specialist. Regular follow-up with your treating doctors, along with recommended blood tests and organ function assessments, is essential for long-term disease control. For a personalised consultation, please contact our Customer Care Team at +91 95002 92220.

Immunosuppressant medicines can have side effects, including an increased risk of infections and the need for regular monitoring. However, uncontrolled autoimmune disease can lead to permanent joint damage, organ involvement, and disability, making appropriate treatment essential. The goal is to achieve good disease control with the lowest effective medication dose, always under the supervision of your rheumatologist. At AVN Arogya, our integrated Ayurvedic treatment is designed to complement conventional care by helping manage symptoms, reduce inflammation, and improve overall quality of life. In some cases, medication adjustments may be possible, but only under the guidance of your treating specialist. Never stop or reduce your immunosuppressant medicines without consulting your rheumatologist. For a personalised consultation, please contact our Customer Care Team at +91 95002 92220.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune condition that usually requires long-term management. However, this does not necessarily mean you will need the same medicines or the same doses throughout your life. With good disease control, some patients experience fewer flare-ups and may be able to reduce or simplify their medication regimen under the guidance of their rheumatologist. At AVN Arogya, our integrated Ayurvedic treatment aims to support disease management by reducing inflammation, improving joint function, and enhancing quality of life alongside conventional treatment. Do not stop or reduce your RA medications without consulting your rheumatologist. Any medication changes should always be made under medical supervision. For a personalised treatment plan, please contact our Customer Care Team at +91 95002 92220.

A balanced, anti-inflammatory diet can support the management of autoimmune conditions alongside your prescribed treatment. At AVN Arogya, dietary recommendations are personalised based on your condition and Ayurvedic assessment. We generally recommend including fresh vegetables, leafy greens, whole grains, turmeric, ginger, flaxseeds, walnuts, healthy fats, and easily digestible proteins. Warm, freshly prepared meals and adequate hydration are also encouraged. Some people may find that foods such as dairy, gluten, refined sugar, processed foods, or nightshade vegetables (tomato, potato, brinjal, and capsicum) trigger their symptoms. Since triggers vary from person to person, our physicians may recommend a supervised elimination and reintroduction diet to identify foods that affect you. For personalised dietary guidance, please schedule a telemedicine consultation with one of our doctors. To book an appointment, contact our Customer Care Team at +91 95002 92220.

Rheumatoid arthritis can cause permanent joint damage and deformity if inflammation remains uncontrolled for a prolonged period. However, with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the risk of joint deformity can be significantly reduced. At AVN Arogya, treatment focuses on controlling inflammation, relieving pain, preserving joint function, and slowing disease progression through an integrated approach that complements your rheumatologist's treatment. Early intervention offers the best chance of protecting your joints and maintaining mobility. If joint deformity has already developed, treatment can still help reduce pain, improve function, and prevent further damage through personalised therapies, rehabilitation, and lifestyle guidance. For a personalised assessment and treatment plan, please contact our Customer Care Team at +91 95002 92220.

Autoimmune conditions require long-term management, and the duration of treatment varies depending on the condition, its severity, and your response to therapy. At AVN Arogya, patients who require inpatient treatment typically undergo an intensive programme of 14–21 days, followed by 6–12 months or longer of personalised Ayurvedic medicines, dietary modifications, lifestyle changes, and regular follow-up consultations. Many patients begin to notice improvements in symptoms such as pain, stiffness, sleep, and energy levels within the first few months. Since autoimmune diseases are chronic, ongoing care is important to help reduce flare-ups, maintain joint and organ function, and improve quality of life. For a personalised treatment plan and expected timeline, please schedule a telemedicine consultation with one of our doctors by contacting our Customer Care Team at +91 95002 92220.

Yes. Most people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can continue working, especially when the condition is well managed. If you have a desk job, maintaining an ergonomic workstation, taking regular breaks, and avoiding prolonged strain on your joints can help. Planning demanding tasks later in the day may also be beneficial, as morning stiffness is common. If your work involves heavy physical activity, you may need temporary job modifications during flare-ups or while undergoing treatment. At AVN Arogya, our treatment aims to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, preserve joint function, and minimise flare-ups so that you can maintain your quality of life and continue your daily activities. During inpatient treatment, patients whose jobs permit work from home can often continue working from the hospital, subject to their medical condition. For a personalised treatment plan, please contact our Customer Care Team at +91 95002 92220.

Yes, inpatient (IP) Ayurvedic treatment for rheumatoid arthritis is covered by health insurance at AVN Arogya. Key details: - ICD codes: M05 (Seropositive RA) / M06 (Other RA) - NABH accredited: AVN Arogya holds NABH accreditation, which is accepted by all major insurers. - Programme duration: RA IP programmes are typically 14-21 days. - Cashless facility: Available for empanelled insurance companies. Pre-authorisation requirements: Your insurer may require recent RA blood panels for pre-authorisation. Keep these ready: - RF (Rheumatoid Factor) - Anti-CCP antibodies - ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) - CRP (C-Reactive Protein) Our insurance desk handles the pre-authorisation process and can guide you through the documentation. Contact us with your policy details before admission so we can verify coverage and arrange cashless processing. If your policy does not support cashless, we provide all necessary documentation for reimbursement claims.

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Terms referenced on this page

View Full Glossary →

Arthritis

A broad term for joint inflammation characterised by pain, swelling, and reduced range of motion. Includes osteoarthritis (wear-and-tear), rheumatoid arthritis (autoimmune), gout, and over 100 other sub-types.

Psoriatic Arthritis

An autoimmune arthritis associated with psoriasis, affecting joints, tendons (enthesitis), and sometimes the spine. Can cause nail changes and dactylitis (sausage digits).

Agni

The digestive and metabolic fire in Ayurveda. Strong, balanced Agni is considered the root of health; weakened or erratic Agni produces Ama (toxins) and disease.

Ama

Metabolic toxins that accumulate from incomplete digestion. Considered the root cause of most diseases in Ayurveda. Panchakarma detoxification aims to eliminate Ama from tissues.

Autoimmune

A condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy tissues. Rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and psoriasis are autoimmune conditions where the immune system causes inflammation and tissue damage.

Corticosteroids

Powerful anti-inflammatory drugs used to control severe inflammation. Effective short-term but cause significant side effects with prolonged use.

DAS28

Disease Activity Score using 28 joints -- a clinical measure used to assess rheumatoid arthritis severity by examining tenderness and swelling in 28 joints along with blood markers. Scores below 2.6 indicate remission.

Dhara

A family of Ayurvedic therapies involving continuous pouring of a medicated liquid (oil, milk, buttermilk, or decoction) over the body or specific region. Includes Shirodhara, Takradhara, and Kashaya Dhara.

Dhatu

The seven bodily tissues in Ayurveda — Rasa (plasma), Rakta (blood), Mamsa (muscle), Meda (fat), Asthi (bone), Majja (marrow/nervous tissue), and Shukra (reproductive tissue). Health reflects the integrity of the dhatus.

Flare

A sudden worsening of disease symptoms in chronic conditions, especially autoimmune diseases.